Environmental hazards in preconception health

Environmental hazards can affect fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and the health of the developing baby. 

Those planning to conceive should be aware of potential risks and take steps to minimise exposure, creating a safe home and work environment, making informed lifestyle choices, and seeking regular medical advice.

Messages for professionals to share on carbon monoxide and fire safety

• fit a carbon monoxide (CO2) alarm in homes with gas appliances (for example, gas boiler)
• install smoke alarms on every level of the home and test them regularly

Messages for professionals to share on toxic or hazardous environments

• advise people planning pregnancy to avoid exposure to toxic substances at home, work, or in their environment
• if concerned about workplace exposure to hazardous substances, infections, or radiation, individuals should inform their employer of their pregnancy plans
• protecting pregnant workers and new mothers

Messages for professionals to share on farming, zoos and livestock

• those who are pregnant or planning pregnancy should avoid close contact with livestock (sheep, cattle, goats) as animal birth fluids can carry infections like chlamydiosis, listeriosis, Q fever, and toxoplasmosis
• pregnancy - advice on contact with animals that are giving birth

Messages for professionals to share on pets (cats) / litter trays

• toxoplasmosis, found in cat faeces, undercooked meat and contaminated soil, poses a risk
• use gloves when gardening or cleaning litter trays, practice good hygiene, and cook meats thoroughly
• NHS - Toxoplasmosis

Messages for professionals to share on chemicals and pesticides

• limit consumption of high-mercury fish (for example, shark, swordfish) as these contain harmful levels of mercury.

Read more about chemicals and air pollution in pregnancy and foods to avoid in pregnancy.